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Verse-by-Verse Commentary

The Book of Deuteronomy

Chapter 4: The LORD He Is God; There Is None Else

Now Moses turns from remembering to pleading. He calls Israel to hear and keep God's commandments, adding nothing and taking nothing away. He reminds them that at Horeb they saw no form, only heard a voice out of the fire, and warns them never to make a graven image of any kind, for their God is a jealous God and a consuming fire. Then rises the towering truth of the chapter, the heart of Israel's faith and ours: the LORD, He is God in heaven above and upon the earth beneath; there is none else. It is one of the clearest declarations of the one true God in all of Scripture.

About This Commentary

This is a verse-by-verse study of Deuteronomy chapter 4. For each section you will find the KJV text, the Hebrew words that sharpen the meaning, plain explanation, and a Gospel Focus. The chapter calls Israel to keep God's word without altering it, warns them against idolatry because they saw no form at Horeb, and lifts up the great truth that the LORD alone is God and there is none else. Every Scripture quotation is from the King James Version.

Setting the Stage

Obedience

Add Not, Diminish Not

Israel must keep God's commandments as given, neither adding to His word nor taking from it.

No Form

Ye Saw No Similitude

At Horeb they heard a voice but saw no form, so they must make no graven image of God.

Jealous God

A Consuming Fire

The LORD is a jealous God who will not share His glory with an idol; He is a consuming fire.

One God

There Is None Else

The LORD He is God in heaven above and on the earth beneath; there is no other God at all.

Obedience

Add Not, Diminish Not (Deuteronomy 4:1-14)

Moses calls Israel to hearken to the statutes and keep them, adding nothing to God's word and taking nothing away, that they may live and be a wise people before the nations.

Deuteronomy 4:1-23

Ye Shall Not Add nor Diminish

"Now therefore hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes and unto the judgments, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live, and go in and possess the land which the LORD God of your fathers giveth you. Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish ought from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the LORD your God which I command you. Your eyes have seen what the LORD did because of Baalpeor: for all the men that followed Baalpeor, the LORD thy God hath destroyed them from among you. But ye that did cleave unto the LORD your God are alive every one of you this day. Behold, I have taught you statutes and judgments, even as the LORD my God commanded me, that ye should do so in the land whither ye go to possess it. Keep therefore and do them; for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the nations, which shall hear all these statutes, and say, Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people. For what nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them, as the LORD our God is in all things that we call upon him for? And what nation is there so great, that hath statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law, which I set before you this day? Only take heed to thyself, and keep thy soul diligently, lest thou forget the things which thine eyes have seen, and lest they depart from thy heart all the days of thy life: but teach them thy sons, and thy sons' sons; Specially the day that thou stoodest before the LORD thy God in Horeb, when the LORD said unto me, Gather me the people together, and I will make them hear my words, that they may learn to fear me all the days that they shall live upon the earth, and that they may teach their children. And ye came near and stood under the mountain; and the mountain burned with fire unto the midst of heaven, with darkness, clouds, and thick darkness. And the LORD spake unto you out of the midst of the fire: ye heard the voice of the words, but saw no similitude; only ye heard a voice. And he declared unto you his covenant, which he commanded you to perform, even ten commandments; and he wrote them upon two tables of stone. And the LORD commanded me at that time to teach you statutes and judgments, that ye might do them in the land whither ye go over to possess it. Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves; for ye saw no manner of similitude on the day that the LORD spake unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire: Lest ye corrupt yourselves, and make you a graven image, the similitude of any figure, the likeness of male or female, The likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged fowl that flieth in the air, The likeness of any thing that creepeth on the ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the waters beneath the earth: And lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even all the host of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath divided unto all nations under the whole heaven. But the LORD hath taken you, and brought you forth out of the iron furnace, even out of Egypt, to be unto him a people of inheritance, as ye are this day. Furthermore the LORD was angry with me for your sakes, and sware that I should not go over Jordan, and that I should not go in unto that good land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance: But I must die in this land, I must not go over Jordan: but ye shall go over, and possess that good land. Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which he made with you, and make you a graven image, or the likeness of any thing, which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee."

Hebrew Study

"keep," shamar (שָׁמַר). To guard, to watch over, to keep carefully, as a keeper guards a treasure or a watchman keeps his post. To keep God's commandments is not merely to glance at them but to guard them as something precious, watching lest they be lost, corrupted, or forgotten. The same word is used of Adam set to keep the garden and of God who keeps Israel.

Explanation

Moses urges Israel, "Now therefore hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes and unto the judgments, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live." Then he sets a fence around God's word: "Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish ought from it." They had seen at Baalpeor what happens when men turn aside; those who followed Baal were destroyed, "but ye that did cleave unto the LORD your God are alive every one of you this day." Keeping God's commandments would make Israel wise in the sight of the nations, for "what nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them, as the LORD our God is in all things that we call upon him for?" Above all they were to remember Horeb, where they heard God's voice out of the fire and received His covenant, and to teach these things to their children and their children's children.

Gospel Focus

"Ye shall not add... neither shall ye diminish" guards the purity of God's word for every generation. Man is forever tempted either to add his own traditions and requirements to God's commands or to trim away the parts he finds hard, and both corrupt the truth. God's word is to be received whole, kept, and obeyed as it stands. The same solemn warning closes the whole Bible: "If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book" (Revelation 22:18). Jesus rebuked those who made "the commandment of God of none effect" by their tradition, and He said not one jot or tittle would pass from the law. For us this means holding fast the apostles' doctrine without dilution, not softening what God has said to suit the age, nor binding on men what God has not commanded. And notice the nearness of our God: "what nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them?" The God who came down on Horeb is nearer still to us, for in Christ God dwelt among us and now dwells within us by His Spirit. Guard His word, keep it whole, teach it to your children, and walk near to the God who is near to you.

No Form

Ye Saw No Similitude (Deuteronomy 4:15-24)

Because Israel saw no form when God spoke out of the fire, they were to make no image of Him, for the LORD is a jealous God and a consuming fire.

Deuteronomy 4:24-34

A Consuming Fire, a Jealous God

"For the LORD thy God is a consuming fire, even a jealous God. When thou shalt beget children, and children's children, and ye shall have remained long in the land, and shall corrupt yourselves, and make a graven image, or the likeness of any thing, and shall do evil in the sight of the LORD thy God, to provoke him to anger: I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed. And the LORD shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the LORD shall lead you. And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell. But if from thence thou shalt seek the LORD thy God, thou shalt find him, if thou seek him with all thy heart and with all thy soul. When thou art in tribulation, and all these things are come upon thee, even in the latter days, if thou turn to the LORD thy God, and shalt be obedient unto his voice; (For the LORD thy God is a merciful God;) he will not forsake thee, neither destroy thee, nor forget the covenant of thy fathers which he sware unto them. For ask now of the days that are past, which were before thee, since the day that God created man upon the earth, and ask from the one side of heaven unto the other, whether there hath been any such thing as this great thing is, or hath been heard like it? Did ever people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as thou hast heard, and live? Or hath God assayed to go and take him a nation from the midst of another nation, by temptations, by signs, and by wonders, and by war, and by a mighty hand, and by a stretched out arm, and by great terrors, according to all that the LORD your God did for you in Egypt before your eyes?"

Hebrew Study

"The LORD thy God is a consuming fire, even a jealous God" — el qanna. Because at Horeb they "saw no manner of similitude," only heard a voice, they must make no image of God. To carve Him into wood or stone is to shrink the living God down to a thing, and to give His glory to another — which His holiness, a fire that consumes, will not endure. His jealousy is not pettiness but the fierce, faithful love of One who will not share His people with a lifeless idol.

Explanation

Moses reasons carefully: "Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves; for ye saw no manner of similitude on the day that the LORD spake unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire." Because they saw no form, they must make no form, "Lest ye corrupt yourselves, and make you a graven image, the similitude of any figure," whether of man or beast or bird or fish, nor bow to sun, moon, or stars. To carve an image of God is to reduce the invisible, living God to a lifeless likeness of created things, and it is a corruption of the truth about Him. The warning is sharp, "for the LORD thy God is a consuming fire, even a jealous God." He will not share the worship due to Him alone with any idol.

Gospel Focus

Here is a profound truth about God. At Horeb Israel heard a voice but saw no form, and this was by design, so that they would never think to capture God in an image. God is Spirit; He cannot be carved, cast, or painted, and every attempt to do so drags Him down to the likeness of the creature. Jesus stated it plainly: "God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth" (John 4:24). The second commandment forbids images of God not because He has no glory but because no image could ever hold it, and every idol lies about who He is. And God is "jealous," not with the petty jealousy of men, but with the holy jealousy of a husband for a wife: He made us for Himself and will not calmly watch our hearts given to another. "For the LORD thy God is a consuming fire" is quoted in the New Testament of us as well: "For our God is a consuming fire" (Hebrews 12:29). The God who will not be imaged is the God who burns against all that rivals Him in the heart. Worship Him as He is, Spirit and truth, and set no idol, whether of wood or of the imagination, in the place that belongs to Him alone.

One God

The LORD He Is God; There Is None Else (Deuteronomy 4:32-40)

Moses points to the unmatched wonders God did for Israel as proof of the greatest of all truths: the LORD, He is God, and there is none else beside Him.

Deuteronomy 4:35-49

There Is None Else Beside Him

"Unto thee it was shewed, that thou mightest know that the LORD he is God; there is none else beside him. Out of heaven he made thee to hear his voice, that he might instruct thee: and upon earth he shewed thee his great fire; and thou heardest his words out of the midst of the fire. And because he loved thy fathers, therefore he chose their seed after them, and brought thee out in his sight with his mighty power out of Egypt; To drive out nations from before thee greater and mightier than thou art, to bring thee in, to give thee their land for an inheritance, as it is this day. Know therefore this day, and consider it in thine heart, that the LORD he is God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath: there is none else. Thou shalt keep therefore his statutes, and his commandments, which I command thee this day, that it may go well with thee, and with thy children after thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days upon the earth, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, for ever. Then Moses severed three cities on this side Jordan toward the sunrising; That the slayer might flee thither, which should kill his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in times past; and that fleeing unto one of these cities he might live: Namely, Bezer in the wilderness, in the plain country, of the Reubenites; and Ramoth in Gilead, of the Gadites; and Golan in Bashan, of the Manassites. And this is the law which Moses set before the children of Israel: These are the testimonies, and the statutes, and the judgments, which Moses spake unto the children of Israel, after they came forth out of Egypt, On this side Jordan, in the valley over against Bethpeor, in the land of Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt at Heshbon, whom Moses and the children of Israel smote, after they were come forth out of Egypt: And they possessed his land, and the land of Og king of Bashan, two kings of the Amorites, which were on this side Jordan toward the sunrising; From Aroer, which is by the bank of the river Arnon, even unto mount Sion, which is Hermon, And all the plain on this side Jordan eastward, even unto the sea of the plain, under the springs of Pisgah."

Hebrew Study

"there is none else," ein od (אֵין עוֹד). A flat, absolute denial: there is no other, none besides, nothing more. It is not that the LORD is the greatest among gods, but that beside Him there is simply no God at all. The same phrase rings through Isaiah, "I am the LORD, and there is none else," the unbroken confession of the one true God.

Explanation

Moses calls Israel to consider the wonders no other nation had ever seen: "did ever people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as thou hast heard, and live?" Had any god ever taken a nation out of the midst of another by mighty signs and wonders, as the LORD did in Egypt? All of it, he says, was shown to them for one purpose: "Unto thee it was shewed, that thou mightest know that the LORD he is God; there is none else beside him." And again he presses it home: "Know therefore this day, and consider it in thine heart, that the LORD he is God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath: there is none else." Therefore they must keep His statutes, that it might be well with them and their children forever.

Gospel Focus

This is the mountain peak of the chapter and one of the clearest statements of the one true God in all Scripture: "the LORD he is God; there is none else beside him... in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath: there is none else." There is one God, and only one, and there is no other anywhere. It is the same truth Isaiah proclaims, "I am the LORD, and there is none else, there is no God beside me" (Isaiah 45:5), and the same that Jesus Himself confessed as the first of all commandments, "Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord" (Mark 12:29). This is the foundation of the Apostolic faith. The one God who spoke from the fire is the very God who was made flesh in Jesus Christ, "for in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily" (Colossians 2:9). There are not three who are God; there is one God, and His name is Jesus, in whom that one God came to dwell among us and to save us. Notice too how Moses grounds this truth, not in speculation but in what God had done: the voice from the fire, the deliverance from Egypt, the mighty acts none could match. We know the one God the same way, by what He has done, supremely at the cross and the empty tomb. Know it this day and lay it on your heart: the LORD, He is God; there is none else.

Chapter 4 in Review

Deuteronomy 4 is Moses' great appeal built on the character of God. He calls Israel to keep God's commandments without adding to them or taking from them, reminding them that obedience is life and that their nearness to God made them wise before the nations. He warns them, because they saw no form at Horeb but only heard a voice, to make no image of God, for He is a jealous God and a consuming fire. And he lifts up the crowning truth: from all the wonders God had done, Israel was to know "that the LORD he is God; there is none else beside him."

For the Apostolic reader, this chapter is bedrock. God's word is to be kept whole, neither diluted nor added to. God is Spirit, not to be imaged, and must be worshipped in spirit and in truth. And above all stands the one true God: "the LORD he is God... there is none else." This is the God who became flesh in Jesus Christ, in whom dwells all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. Guard His word, worship Him as Spirit and truth, and hold with all your heart the confession that there is one God, and only one, revealed to us in Jesus.

Key Takeaways
  • God's word must be kept whole: "ye shall not add... neither shall ye diminish" (4:2; Revelation 22:18).
  • Israel saw no form at Horeb, so make no image; God is Spirit (4:15-16; John 4:24).
  • The LORD is a jealous God and a consuming fire, sharing His worship with no idol (4:24; Hebrews 12:29).
  • The great truth of all Scripture: "the LORD he is God; there is none else beside him" (4:35, 39; Isaiah 45:5).
  • This one God was made flesh in Jesus, "for in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily" (Colossians 2:9).

Questions for Reflection

  • Are you tempted to add your own rules to God's word, or to trim away the parts you find hard?
  • Is there any idol, of wood or of the imagination, standing where God alone should be in your heart?
  • Do you hold with all your heart that "the LORD he is God; there is none else," revealed to us in Jesus Christ?

References & Sources

Scripture is quoted from the King James Version (KJV). The Hebrew terms are standard and can be checked in any Hebrew lexicon. Supporting passages are listed so every claim can be verified in its own setting. If anything here does not look right, a verse, a reference, or a wording, please tell us at info@FruitBearers.net. Thank you for helping us keep Bible Learning error free.

  1. Keeping God's word without adding or diminishing: Deuteronomy 4:1-14; Revelation 22:18.
  2. No image of God, who is Spirit and a consuming fire: Deuteronomy 4:15-24; John 4:24; Hebrews 12:29.
  3. The LORD alone is God, revealed in Christ: Deuteronomy 4:32-40; Isaiah 45:5; Mark 12:29; Colossians 2:9.
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