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Verse-by-Verse Commentary

The Book of Acts

Chapter 21: The Will of the Lord Be Done

Acts 21 brings Paul to Jerusalem and into the hands of his enemies. As he journeys, disciples at Tyre warn him through the Spirit not to go up, and at Caesarea the prophet Agabus binds his own hands with Paul's girdle and foretells, 'So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man that owneth this girdle.' The believers weep and beg Paul to turn back, but he answers, 'I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus,' and they yield, saying, 'The will of the Lord be done.' At Jerusalem the church rejoices at what God has done among the Gentiles, and Paul, to reassure the zealous Jewish believers, joins four men in a vow. But Jews from Asia stir up the temple crowd, falsely charging that he has defiled the holy place, and a mob seizes and beats him until the Roman soldiers rescue him. Bound with two chains, Paul asks leave to speak, and stands on the stairs to address the people. The chapter shows us the servant resolved to obey whatever it costs, the church submitting to God's will, and God working even through arrest to advance His purpose.

About This Commentary

This is a verse-by-verse study of Acts chapter 21. For each section you will find the KJV text, the Greek words that sharpen the meaning, plain explanation, and a Gospel Focus. Here Paul presses on to Jerusalem despite warnings, submits to God's will, reports to James, and is arrested in the temple. Every Scripture quotation is from the King James Version.

Setting the Stage

The Warning

Bonds Await at Jerusalem

Agabus foretells Paul's binding; the disciples plead.

The Resolve

Ready Also to Die

Paul will not be turned back from obeying his Lord.

Submission

The Will of the Lord Be Done

The church yields to God's purpose for His servant.

The Arrest

Seized in the Temple

A false charge and a mob; the Romans rescue Paul.

The Journey and the Warnings

Ready Also to Die at Jerusalem (Acts 21:1-16)

Warned repeatedly of bonds ahead, Paul presses on to Jerusalem, and the disciples submit to the will of the Lord.

Acts 21:1-16

The Will of the Lord Be Done

"And it came to pass, that after we were gotten from them, and had launched, we came with a straight course unto Coos, and the day following unto Rhodes, and from thence unto Patara: And finding a ship sailing over unto Phenicia, we went aboard, and set forth. Now when we had discovered Cyprus, we left it on the left hand, and sailed into Syria, and landed at Tyre: for there the ship was to unlade her burden. And finding disciples, we tarried there seven days: who said to Paul through the Spirit, that he should not go up to Jerusalem. And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; and they all brought us on our way, with wives and children, till we were out of the city: and we kneeled down on the shore, and prayed. And when we had taken our leave one of another, we took ship; and they returned home again. And when we had finished our course from Tyre, we came to Ptolemais, and saluted the brethren, and abode with them one day. And the next day we that were of Paul's company departed, and came unto Caesarea: and we entered into the house of Philip the evangelist, which was one of the seven; and abode with him. And the same man had four daughters, virgins, which did prophesy. And as we tarried there many days, there came down from Judaea a certain prophet, named Agabus. And when he was come unto us, he took Paul's girdle, and bound his own hands and feet, and said, Thus saith the Holy Ghost, So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man that owneth this girdle, and shall deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles. And when we heard these things, both we, and they of that place, besought him not to go up to Jerusalem. Then Paul answered, What mean ye to weep and to break mine heart? for I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus. And when he would not be persuaded, we ceased, saying, The will of the Lord be done. And after those days we took up our carriages, and went up to Jerusalem. There went with us also certain of the disciples of Caesarea, and brought with them one Mnason of Cyprus, an old disciple, with whom we should lodge."

Word Study

"will," Greek thelema (θέλημα). The word means will, desire, purpose, what one determines shall be done. Unable to dissuade Paul, the disciples yield with the words, "The will of the Lord be done" (to thelema tou Kuriou ginestho). It is the same submission Jesus taught us to pray, "Thy will be done," and prayed Himself in Gethsemane, "not my will, but thine, be done." When we cannot see the way, and even when the path leads through suffering, the settled resolve of faith is to desire and accept the will of the Lord above our own wishes. The disciples loved Paul and dreaded his suffering, yet they surrendered their desire to God's, trusting that His will is good even when it leads to bonds. To pray "the will of the Lord be done" is not passive resignation but active faith, entrusting ourselves and those we love to the wise and loving purpose of God.

Explanation

Warned by prophets at every stop that bonds and afflictions await him at Jerusalem, Paul presses on, willing "not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus." When his friends cannot dissuade him, they yield with the words that settle every such struggle: "The will of the Lord be done." Paul's resolve is not recklessness but the same Spirit-led obedience that took Jesus to Jerusalem; love for the name outweighs love for safety. The warnings are real, and so is his readiness -- the mark of a servant who counts his life not dear to himself so that he may finish his course.

Gospel Focus

Paul sails toward Jerusalem, and at every stop the warnings grow. At Tyre the disciples, "through the Spirit," urge him "that he should not go up to Jerusalem." This raises a question: was Paul disobeying the Spirit? Rather, the Spirit revealed the suffering awaiting Paul, and the loving disciples, moved by that revelation, drew their own conclusion that he should not go; but Paul, also led by the Spirit, understood that he must go, bonds and all. The Spirit foretold the cost; the application was a matter of love and courage. The scene at Tyre is beautiful: whole families, "with wives and children," escort Paul to the shore, and they kneel on the beach and pray together, the tender fellowship of the church. At Caesarea they lodge with Philip the evangelist and his four prophesying daughters, and there the prophet Agabus, with a vivid symbolic act, takes Paul's girdle, binds his own hands and feet, and declares, "Thus saith the Holy Ghost, So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man that owneth this girdle." The warning is now unmistakable and dramatic. All present, including Luke, beg Paul not to go. But Paul's answer reveals the heart of a man wholly given to Christ: "What mean ye to weep and to break mine heart? for I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus." Their tears grieve him, but nothing will turn him from obedience; he counts his life nothing, ready for chains or death for the name of Jesus. Here is the courage of surrendered love, like his Master who "stedfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem." When they see he "would not be persuaded," they cease their pleading with words of faith: "The will of the Lord be done." Unable to change his course, they surrender it, and him, to God's will. This is the right response when a loved one is called to a hard path we cannot alter: not endless resistance, but submission to the will of the Lord, trusting His purpose. So Paul goes up to Jerusalem, escorted by disciples, knowing full well the bonds that await, resolved to be faithful whatever the cost, and the church, through tears, entrusts him to God.

The Report to James and the Arrest in the Temple

This Is the Man (Acts 21:17-40)

Paul reports God's work among the Gentiles, seeks peace with the zealous Jewish believers, and is seized in the temple by a mob.

Acts 21:17-40

They Took Paul, and Drew Him Out of the Temple

"And when we were come to Jerusalem, the brethren received us gladly. And the day following Paul went in with us unto James; and all the elders were present. And when he had saluted them, he declared particularly what things God had wrought among the Gentiles by his ministry. And when they heard it, they glorified the Lord, and said unto him, Thou seest, brother, how many thousands of Jews there are which believe; and they are all zealous of the law: And they are informed of thee, that thou teachest all the Jews which are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, saying that they ought not to circumcise their children, neither to walk after the customs. What is it therefore? the multitude must needs come together: for they will hear that thou art come. Do therefore this that we say to thee: We have four men which have a vow on them; Them take, and purify thyself with them, and be at charges with them, that they may shave their heads: and all may know that those things, whereof they were informed concerning thee, are nothing; but that thou thyself also walkest orderly, and keepest the law. As touching the Gentiles which believe, we have written and concluded that they observe no such thing, save only that they keep themselves from things offered to idols, and from blood, and from strangled, and from fornication. Then Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them entered into the temple, to signify the accomplishment of the days of purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them. And when the seven days were almost ended, the Jews which were of Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the people, and laid hands on him, Crying out, Men of Israel, help: This is the man, that teacheth all men every where against the people, and the law, and this place: and further brought Greeks also into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place. (For they had seen before with him in the city Trophimus an Ephesian, whom they supposed that Paul had brought into the temple.) And all the city was moved, and the people ran together: and they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple: and forthwith the doors were shut. And as they went about to kill him, tidings came unto the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem was in an uproar. Who immediately took soldiers and centurions, and ran down unto them: and when they saw the chief captain and the soldiers, they left beating of Paul. Then the chief captain came near, and took him, and commanded him to be bound with two chains; and demanded who he was, and what he had done. And some cried one thing, some another, among the multitude: and when he could not know the certainty for the tumult, he commanded him to be carried into the castle. And when he came upon the stairs, so it was, that he was borne of the soldiers for the violence of the people. For the multitude of the people followed after, crying, Away with him. And as Paul was to be led into the castle, he said unto the chief captain, May I speak unto thee? Who said, Canst thou speak Greek? Art not thou that Egyptian, which before these days madest an uproar, and leddest out into the wilderness four thousand men that were murderers? But Paul said, I am a man which am a Jew of Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, a citizen of no mean city: and, I beseech thee, suffer me to speak unto the people. And when he had given him licence, Paul stood on the stairs, and beckoned with the hand unto the people. And when there was made a great silence, he spake unto them in the Hebrew tongue, saying,"

Word Study

"zealous," Greek zelotes (ζηλωτής). The word means a zealot, one filled with zeal or fervour for something. The Jerusalem elders describe the many thousands of Jewish believers as "all zealous of the law", earnest and fervent for the law of Moses and its customs. They were true believers in Christ, yet still deeply attached to their ancestral practices. Paul, though he preached that salvation is by grace and not by law, was willing to accommodate their scruples in matters of custom, joining the men in their vow, that he might not needlessly offend and might keep the peace. Paul himself once described his former life as being "zealous toward God," and "concerning zeal, persecuting the church"; zeal is powerful but must be governed by knowledge. Here the church's zeal for the law, while sincere, would soon be twisted by others into a deadly charge; and Paul's gracious effort to accommodate it, though wise and loving, did not prevent the storm. Zeal, even for good things, must be joined to truth and love.

Explanation

To disarm suspicion that he teaches Jews to forsake Moses, Paul takes a vow in the temple -- becoming "all things to all men" for the gospel's sake -- but Asian Jews seize him, falsely charging he defiled the temple, and a murderous mob drags him out. Rescued by Roman soldiers as the crowd screams "Away with him," Paul, bloodied, calmly asks to address them. The scene echoes his Lord's passion -- false accusation, a raging crowd, Roman custody -- yet Paul turns even arrest into opportunity, requesting to speak. His imprisonment, far from silencing him, becomes the platform for his testimony before crowds, councils, governors, and kings.

Gospel Focus

At Jerusalem the church receives Paul gladly, and he reports to James and the elders "what things God had wrought among the Gentiles by his ministry," and they "glorified the Lord." But a difficulty is raised: many thousands of Jewish believers are "zealous of the law," and rumors have spread that Paul teaches Jews "to forsake Moses." The rumor was a distortion, for Paul taught that no one is saved by the law, but he did not command Jewish believers to abandon their customs. To defuse the tension and show that he "walkest orderly," the elders propose that Paul join four men in completing a vow and pay their expenses, a gesture of respect for Jewish practice; and they reaffirm that the Gentiles are under no such obligation, only the earlier decree. Paul, ever willing to become "all things to all men" for the gospel's sake, agrees and enters the temple with the men. But the plan is overtaken by hatred. Jews from Asia, seeing Paul in the temple, stir up the crowd with a threefold false accusation, that he teaches "against the people, and the law, and this place," and that he has "polluted this holy place" by bringing a Gentile (Trophimus) into the temple, a charge Luke shows to be an unfounded assumption. The city erupts; a mob drags Paul from the temple and beats him, intending to kill him. But God's providence intervenes through the Roman authorities: the chief captain, hearing of the uproar, rushes down with soldiers, and the mob stops beating Paul. The captain arrests Paul, binding him "with two chains", exactly fulfilling Agabus's prophecy that the Jews would bind him and deliver him to the Gentiles. Unable to learn the truth amid the chaos, the captain has Paul carried into the castle, the soldiers lifting him above the violent crowd that cries, "Away with him", the very cry once raised against Jesus. Then, with remarkable composure, the bruised prisoner asks the captain for leave to speak. The captain, surprised to hear him speak Greek and having mistaken him for an Egyptian rebel, is corrected by Paul, who identifies himself as "a Jew of Tarsus" and asks to address the people. Granted permission, Paul stands on the stairs, beckons for silence, and prepares to speak "in the Hebrew tongue." Here is the courage and wisdom of a Spirit-filled servant: seized, beaten, and bound, he seizes the moment to preach. God had allowed the arrest, and would use it to give Paul a platform before the people, the council, governors, a king, and at last Rome itself. The will of the Lord, which the disciples had prayed would be done, was being done, and even Paul's chains would serve the furtherance of the gospel.

Chapter 21 in Review

Acts 21 brings Paul to Jerusalem and into bonds. Despite repeated warnings, at Tyre and through the prophet Agabus, who binds his own hands with Paul's girdle to foretell his capture, Paul presses on, declaring, "I am ready not to be bound only, but also to die at Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus," and the disciples yield, "The will of the Lord be done." At Jerusalem the church glorifies God for the Gentile mission, and Paul, to keep peace with the zealous Jewish believers, joins four men in a vow. But Asian Jews falsely charge that he has defiled the temple, and a mob seizes and beats him until the Roman soldiers rescue and bind him "with two chains," fulfilling the prophecy. Given leave to speak, Paul stands on the stairs and beckons to the silenced crowd.

For the Apostolic reader this chapter is a study in surrendered obedience and the providence of God. Paul models the courage of a servant wholly given to Christ: forewarned of suffering, moved by love yet not turned by tears, ready to be bound and to die for the name of the Lord Jesus, counting his life as nothing beside faithful obedience. The disciples model the right response when we cannot change a loved one's God-appointed path: not endless resistance but submission, "The will of the Lord be done," entrusting all to God's good purpose. The chapter also shows Paul's gracious flexibility in matters of custom, becoming all things to all men to keep peace and win some, though even his best efforts could not appease those bent on hatred, and false accusation and mob violence followed. Yet through it all God's hand is at work: the very arrest that broke the disciples' hearts fulfilled prophecy and set in motion God's plan to bring Paul, and the gospel, before rulers and kings and to Rome. The chains were not the failure of God's will but its outworking. So obey your Lord whatever the cost; pray "the will of the Lord be done" over every hard path; and trust that God works even through arrest, false charges, and suffering to advance His purpose and His gospel.

Key Takeaways
  • Paul presses on to obey his Lord, ready to be bound or to die (21:13).
  • The right response to a hard, God-appointed path: "The will of the Lord be done" (21:14).
  • Paul becomes all things to all men, accommodating custom for peace (21:23-26).
  • False accusation and mob violence assail the innocent servant (21:28-31).
  • God's providence uses the Roman authorities to preserve Paul (21:32-33).
  • The arrest fulfills prophecy and advances God's larger purpose (21:11, 33).

Questions for Reflection

  • Are you ready to obey Christ even when it means suffering?
  • Can you pray "the will of the Lord be done" over paths you cannot change?
  • Do you seek peace and accommodate others in matters that are not essential?
  • Do you trust God to work His purpose even through injustice and hardship?

References & Sources

Scripture is quoted from the King James Version (KJV). Supporting passages are listed so every claim can be verified in its own setting. Foretold sufferings and the servant's resolve: Acts 20:22-24; Luke 9:51; Philippians 1:20-21. Submission to the will of the Lord: Matthew 6:10; 26:39; James 4:15. Becoming all things to all men: 1 Corinthians 9:19-23; Romans 14:1-13. Zeal that must be governed by knowledge: Romans 10:2; Galatians 1:14; Philippians 3:6. False accusation against the faithful: Matthew 26:59-61; Acts 6:13-14; 1 Peter 3:16-17. God's providence in suffering: Genesis 50:20; Acts 23:11; Philippians 1:12-14. If anything here does not look right, a verse, a reference, or a wording, please tell us at info@FruitBearers.net. Thank you for helping us keep Bible Learning error free.

  1. The journey and the warnings: Acts 21:1-16; Luke 9:51; James 4:15.
  2. The report to James and the arrest in the temple: Acts 21:17-40; 1 Corinthians 9:19-23; Acts 23:11.
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